Evidence map · e-TNS · migraine
e-TNS for migraine: what the research shows
External trigeminal nerve stimulation for migraine. 65 papers from 2011 to 2026, including 4 meta-analyses, 4 systematic reviews and 6 randomised controlled trials. Each study below links to its source.
65Papers in the corpus
4Meta-analyses
6Randomised controlled trials
21Open-access papers
Study design
Jev labels9 papers have no confident study-design label yet. Labels are AI-classified by Jev: advisory, not clinician-reviewed.
Papers over time
by publication year* 2025–26 is still in progress, so its count is incomplete.
Most-cited trials and reviews
by citations- 1
Migraine prevention with a supraorbital transcutaneous stimulator: a randomized controlled trial.
- 2
Acute migraine therapy with external trigeminal neurostimulation (ACME): A randomized controlled trial.
- 3
Acute Treatments for Episodic Migraine in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
- 4
Non-invasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache: a systematic review of clinical trials.
- 5
Effects of external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS) on laser evoked cortical potentials (LEP): A pilot study in migraine patients and controls.
- 6
Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled Trial of e-TNS for the Acute treatment of Migraine (TEAM).
- 7
Non-invasive neuromodulation in the acute treatment of migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- 8
A post hoc analysis of migraine-associated symptoms from the phase 3 randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled Trial of External trigeminal nerve stimulation for the Acute treatment of Migraine (TEAM) study.
Recent trials and reviews
last 3 years- 1
A post hoc analysis of migraine-associated symptoms from the phase 3 randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled Trial of External trigeminal nerve stimulation for the Acute treatment of Migraine (TEAM) study.
Decision support only. This page summarises published literature; it is not medical advice or a recommendation for any patient. Study designs and topic labels are AI-classified by Jev: advisory, not clinician-reviewed. Abstracts are not reproduced here: follow the links to read each source. Data snapshot 2026-09-25.