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Evidence map · Neurofeedback · ADHD

Neurofeedback for ADHD: what the research shows

Neurofeedback for ADHD. 376 papers from 1986 to 2026, including 34 meta-analyses, 17 systematic reviews and 72 randomised controlled trials. Each study below links to its source.

376Papers in the corpus
34Meta-analyses
72Randomised controlled trials
32Open-access papers

Study design

Jev labels
Meta-analysis34Systematic review17RCT72Non-randomised trial46Cohort1Cross-sectional3Case series3Case report6

95 papers have no confident study-design label yet. Labels are AI-classified by Jev: advisory, not clinician-reviewed.

Papers over time

by publication year
11960 1985–892005–092025–26*

* 2025–26 is still in progress, so its count is incomplete.

Most-cited trials and reviews

by citations
  1. 1

    Nonpharmacological interventions for ADHD: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of dietary and psychological treatments.

    Meta-analysisSonuga-Barke et al. · 2013 · The American journal of psychiatry · 1,164 citations
  2. 2

    Efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in ADHD: the effects on inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity: a meta-analysis.

    Meta-analysisArns et al. · 2009 · Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 794 citations
  3. 3

    Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial

    RCTHolger Gevensleben et al. · 2009 · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · 393 citations
  4. 4

    Sustained effects of neurofeedback in ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Meta-analysisVan Doren et al. · 2019 · European child & adolescent psychiatry · 359 citations · Open access
  5. 5

    Neurofeedback for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Neuropsychological Outcomes From Randomized Controlled Trials

    Meta-analysisSamuele Cortese et al. · 2016 · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · 307 citations
  6. 6

    Distinct EEG effects related to neurofeedback training in children with ADHD: A randomized controlled trial

    RCTHolger Gevensleben et al. · 2009 · International Journal of Psychophysiology · 245 citations
  7. 7

    Neurofeedback training in children with ADHD: 6-month follow-up of a randomised controlled trial

    RCTHolger Gevensleben et al. · 2010 · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · 219 citations
  8. 8

    ADHD and EEG-neurofeedback: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled feasibility study

    RCTMarieke M. Lansbergen et al. · 2010 · Journal of Neural Transmission · 214 citations

Recent trials and reviews

last 3 years
  1. 1

    Neurofeedback training for executive function in ADHD children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Meta-analysisZhong et al. · 2025 · Scientific reports · 5 citations
  2. 2

    Enhancing effects of exercise and neurofeedback: A systematic review and meta-analysis of computer game-based interventions for pediatric ADHD

    Meta-analysisTakehiko Hamada et al. · 2025 · Psychiatry Research · 5 citations
  3. 3

    Effects of a novel non-pharmacological intervention based on respiratory biofeedback, neurofeedback and median nerve stimulation to treat children with ADHD

    RCTEduardo Santamaría-Vázquez et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · 5 citations
  4. 4

    Neurofeedback for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Meta-analysisWestwood et al. · 2025 · JAMA psychiatry
  5. 5

    Lifestyle Effects in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Neurofeedback for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

    RCTArnold et al. · 2025 · Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology

Decision support only. This page summarises published literature; it is not medical advice or a recommendation for any patient. Study designs and topic labels are AI-classified by Jev: advisory, not clinician-reviewed. Abstracts are not reproduced here: follow the links to read each source. Data snapshot 2026-09-25.