Evidence map · SNM · bladder and bowel dysfunction
SNM for bladder and bowel dysfunction: what the research shows
Sacral neuromodulation for bladder and bowel dysfunction. 1,883 papers from 1971 to 2026, including 36 meta-analyses, 90 systematic reviews and 73 randomised controlled trials. Each study below links to its source.
1,883Papers in the corpus
36Meta-analyses
73Randomised controlled trials
311Open-access papers
Study design
Jev labels427 papers have no confident study-design label yet. Labels are AI-classified by Jev: advisory, not clinician-reviewed.
Papers over time
by publication year* 2025–26 is still in progress, so its count is incomplete.
Most-cited trials and reviews
by citations- 1
Sacral nerve stimulation for treatment of refractory urinary urge incontinence. Sacral Nerve Stimulation Study Group.
- 2
Efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation for urinary retention: results 18 months after implantation.
- 3
Efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence: results of a multicenter double-blind crossover study.
- 4
Systematic review of sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation.
- 5
Sacral nerve stimulation is more effective than optimal medical therapy for severe fecal incontinence: a randomized, controlled study.
- 6
OnabotulinumtoxinA vs Sacral Neuromodulation on Refractory Urgency Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
- 7
Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of neuromodulation in the treatment of faecal incontinence.
- 8
Efficacy and safety of sacral nerve stimulation for urinary urge incontinence: a systematic review.
Recent trials and reviews
last 3 years- 1
Exploratory Analysis of Urinary and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Low Anterior Resection Syndrome Undergoing Sacral Neuromodulation: Insights From the SANLARS Trial.
- 2
Urethrogenic Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Review of Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
- 3
Efficacy of Sacral Neuromodulation in Treatment of Fecal Incontinence Associated With Anal Sphincter Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- 4
Efficacy and Safety of Sacral Neuromodulation on Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- 5
Long-term Outcomes of Sacral Nerve Stimulation on the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence: A Systematic Review.
Decision support only. This page summarises published literature; it is not medical advice or a recommendation for any patient. Study designs and topic labels are AI-classified by Jev: advisory, not clinician-reviewed. Abstracts are not reproduced here: follow the links to read each source. Data snapshot 2026-09-25.